New York Drug Law Evaluation Project, 1973  (ICPSR 7656 )

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Part 2: Study Description
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New York Drug Law Evaluation Project, 1973

7656

Association of the Bar of the City of New York and the Drug Abuse Council, Inc.

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Copyright ICPSR, 2000

August, 31, 2000

Jon Brode's SISO script

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

August, 31, 2000

ICPSR XML Version

Jon Brode

New York Drug Law Evaluation Project, 1973

7656

Association of the Bar of the City of New York and the Drug Abuse Council, Inc.

New York Drug Law Evaluation Project, 1973

7656

Association of the Bar of the City of New York and the Drug Abuse Council, Inc.

NEW YORK DRUG LAW EVALUATION PROJECT, 1973 CRIMINAL COURT FILE (ICPSR STUDY 7656) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR ASSOCIATION OF THE BAR OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK AND THE DRUG ABUSE COUNCIL, INC. ICPSR EDITION FIRST PRINTING, 1979 INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH P.O. BOX 1248 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48106 ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF ASSISTANCE All manuscripts utilizing data made available through the Consortium should acknowledge that fact as well as identify the original collector of the data. The ICPSR Council urges all users of the ICPSR data facilites to follow some adaption of this statement with the parentheses indicating items to be filled in appropriately or deleted by the individual user. THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) UTILIZED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) WERE MADE AVAILABLE (IN PART) BY THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH. THE DATA FOR THE NEW YORK DRUG LAW EVALUATION PROJECT WERE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF THE BAR OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK AND THE DRUG ABUSE COUNCIL, INC., WITH FUNDING PROVIDED BY THE LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSISTANCE ADMINISTRATION. NEITHER THE COLLECTORS OF THE ORIGINAL DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUM BEAR ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR INTERPRETATIONS PRESENTED HERE. In order to provide funding agencies with essential information about the use of archival resources and to facilitate the exchange of information about ICPSR participants' research activities, each user of ICPSR data facilities is expected to send two copies of each completed manuscript (or thesis abstract) to the Consortium. Please indicate in the cover letter which data were used. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. INTRODUCTION DATA DESCRIPTION I FILE STRUCTURE AND PROCESSING INFORMATION II SAMPLING INFORMATION II CODEBOOK INFORMATION III VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST V CODEBOOK 1 I DATA DESCRIPTION In 1973 New York State radically revised its criminal law relating to illegal drug use. The law was changed to prescribe severe and mandatory penalties for narcotic drug offenses at all levels and for the most serious offenses involving many other drugs. Shortly after the 1973 law went into effect, The Association of the Bar of the City of New York and the Drug Abuse Council jointly organized a Committee and research project to collect data about the 1973 law and to evaluate the law's effectiveness. The objectives of the New York Drug Law Evaluation Project were: (1) to ascertain what happened as a result of the the 1973 drug law revision; (2) to analyze why it happened; and (3) to identify any general principals or specific lessons that can be derrived from the New York state experience and that can be helpful to New York or to other states. Since the New York Legislature significantly changed the 1973 drug law in 1976, the Project dealt with developments over the period September 1973-June 1976, when the law was in full force. The object of this study was to determine what proportion of felony crimes in Manhattan were attributable to people who use drugs. Three categories of drug use have been used throughout the study. They are users, non-users and addicts. Users are defined as those with indications of any drug use within a month prior to arrest, non-users are those with no indication of drug use, and addicts are those found to be addicted at the time of arrest. Addicted was defined as meaning dependent on drugs to the extent that detoxification was necessary. The study also focuses on the three major crime categories: serious crimes against persons, robberies and burglaries and other property crimes. Other crime categories, essentially victimless crimes such as possession or sale of drugs, possession of a weapon or stolen property, and gambling, have been examined. However, since the major emphasis is on those crimes causing harm to "people on the streets" only minor emphasis had been given to these crimes. RELATED PUBLICATIONS Sentencing Patterns Under The 1973 New York State Drug Law, Drug Law Evaluation Project, October 1976 The Nation's Toughest Drug Law: Evaluating the New York Experience, The Association of the Bar of the City of New York and the Drug Abuse Council, Inc. II FILE STRUCTURE AND PROCESSING INFORMATION The data have been examined and reformatted from the original release version. All blanks and non-numeric characters have been removed. The archive file consists of three physical files stored on magnetic tape: a machine readable users guide which documents the data for the human user, an OSIRIS Type 1 dictionary file which describes the data to a computer program, and a data file. This OSIRIS data file is constructed with a single 92 byte record for each case. The OSIRIS data file can be accessed directly by software packages which do not use the OSIRIS dictionary by specifying the tape locations. SAMPLING INFORMATION In order to correct the charge distribution by user status from the pre-trial detention population, a sample of cases was gathered in the Supreme and Criminal Courts of Manhattan from all cases showing up in detention flow. In order to match the cases from detention only felony cases surviving arraignment were selected. The sample was divided between Supreme Court cases and criminal court felony cases surviving arraignment. Since 20% of all felony arrests result in indictment, the sample was stratified: 20% Supreme Court ; 80% Criminal Court. Two 15 month time periods, one pre-law period: January 1972-March 1973 ,and one post-law period: October 1974-December 1975, 901 cases were sampled. III V VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST VAR. NO. 1. ICPSR Study Number - 7656 2. File Number - 3 3. Version Number - 1 4. Case Number Identification Information -------------------------- 5. Month Arraigned 6. Day Arraigned 7. Year Arraigned 8. Defendant's Age 9. Number of Charges Penal Code Numbers ------------------ 10. First Charge- First Three Numbers of Penal Code 11. First Charge- Fourth and Fifth Numbers of Penal Code 12. First Charge Attempt/No Attempt 13. Second Charge First Three Numbers of Penal Code 14. Second Charge Fourth and Fifth Numbers of Penal Code 15. Second Charge Attempt/No Attempt 16. Third Charge First Three Numbers of Penal Code 17. Third Charge Fourth and Fifth Number of Penal Code 18. Third Charge Attempt/No Attempt 19. Fourth Charge First Three Numbers of Penal Code 20. Fourth Charge Fourth and Fifth Numbers of Penal Code 21. Fourth Charge Attempt/No Attempt VI 22. Fifth Charge First Three Numbers of Penal Code 23. Fifth Charge Fourth and Fifth Number of Penal Code 24. Fifth Charge Attempt/No Attempt 25. Sixth Charge First Three Numbers of Penal Code 26. Sixth Charge Fourth and Fifth Numbers of Penal Code 27. Sixth Charge Attempt/No Attempt Bail Information ---------------- 28. Was Bail Set 29. Amount of Bail Set 30. Cash Alternative to Bail 31. Was Bail Made At Arraignment 32. Month Bail Made 33. Day Bail Made 34. Year Bail Made Disposition ----------- 35. Was Defendant Sent To Detention 36. Disposition and Sentence of Defendant Drug Status ----------- 37. Indication of First Drug Status 38. Indication of Second Drug Status 39. Indication of Third Drug Status 40. Indication of Fourth Drug Status Drug of Abuse and Treatment --------------------------- 41. First Drug of Abuse 42. Second Drug of Abuse 43. Third Drug of Abuse 44. Treatment Status of Defendant DECK IDENTIFICATION IS: '01' DK 1 COL 1- 2 ----------------------------

• ICPSR STUDY NUMBER
• ICPSR FILE NUMBER
• ICPSR VERSION NUMBER
• CASE NUMBER
• MONTH ARRAIGNED
• DAY ARRAIGNED
• YEAR ARRAIGNED
• DEFENDENT'S AGE
• NUMBER OF CHARGES
• 1ST CHARGE-PENAL CODE #1
• 1ST CHARGE-PENAL CODE #2
• 1ST CHARGE-ATTEMPT
• 2ND CHARGE-PENAL CODE #1
• 2ND CHARGE-PENAL CODE #2
• 2ND CHARGE-ATTEMPT
• 3RD CHARGE-PENAL CODE #1
• 3RD CHARGE-PENAL CODE #2
• 3RD CHARGE-ATTEMPT
• 4TH CHARGE-PENAL CODE #1
• 4TH CHARGE-PENAL CODE #2
• 4TH CHARGE-ATTEMPT
• 5TH CHARGE-PENAL CODE #1
• 5TH CHARGE-PENAL CODE #2
• 5TH CHARGE-ATTEMPT
• 6TH CHARGE-PENAL CODE #1
• 6TH CHARGE-PENAL CODE #2
• 6TH CHARGE-ATTEMPT
• WAS BAIL SET?
• AMOUNT OF BAIL
• CASH ALTERNATIVE TO BAIL
• BAIL MADE AT ARRAIGNMENT
• MONTH BAIL MADE
• DAY BAIL MADE
• YEAR BAIL MADE
• DEFENDANT TO DETENTION?
• DISPOSITION AND SENTENCE
• INDICATN 1ST DRUG STATUS
• INDICATN 2ND DRUG STATUS
• INDICATN 3RD DRUG STATUS
• INDICATN 4TH DRUG STATUS
• FIRST DRUG OF ABUSE
• SECOND DRUG OF ABUSE
• THIRD DRUG OF ABUSE
• TREATMENT STATUS

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Record Segment No. 2

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Variable Text: ICPSR Study Number

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Record Segment No. 1

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: File Number

Notes: The value of this variable is 3 for all cases in this dataset.

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Version Number

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Identification Card - Case Number

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Month Individual Arraigned

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 16
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Day Individual Arraigned

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-31

Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

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End: 18
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Year Individual Arraigned

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Defendant's Age

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Number of Charges Brought Against the Individual

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 24
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: First Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (First three digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: First Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (Fourth and fifth digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Attempt/No Attempt of First Charge

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Second Charge Brought Against the Individual

Notes: (First three digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Second Charge Brought Against the Individual

Notes: (Fourth and fifth digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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End: 33
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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Attempt/No Attempt of Second Charge

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 09

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End: 36
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 3

Variable Text: Third Charge Brought Against Individual

Notes: (First three digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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End: 38
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Third Charge Brought Against Individual

Notes: (Fourth and fifth digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Attempt/No Attempt of Third Charge

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 09

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End: 42
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 3

Variable Text: Fourth Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (First three digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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End: 44
Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Fourth Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (Fourth and fifth digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Attempt/No Attempt of Fourth Charge

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Fifth Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (First three digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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Record Segment No. 1

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Variable Text: Fifth Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (Fourth and fifth digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 1

Variable Text: Attempt/No Attempt of Fifth Charge

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 09

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 54
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 3

Variable Text: Sixth Charge Brought Against Individual

Range of Invalid Data Values: 0999

Notes: (First three digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 56
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Sixth Charge Brought Against Individual

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Notes: (Fourth and fifth digits of penal code used) SEE NOTE(S) 1

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End: 57
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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Attempt/No Attempt of First Charge

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 09

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 58
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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 1

Variable Text: Was Bail Set?

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 64
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

Start: 57
Width: 6

Variable Text: Amount of Bail Set for the Defendant

Range of Valid Data Values: 000000-999998

Range of Invalid Data Values: 0999999

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 69
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 5

Variable Text: Cash Alternative to Bail

Range of Valid Data Values: 000000-999999

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099999

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 70
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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: Was Bail Made at Arraignment

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 09

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Month Bail Made

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Day Bail Made

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

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End: 76
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Year Bail Made

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

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End: 77
Width: 1
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 1

Variable Text: Was Defendant Sent to Detention?

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Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 79
Record Segment No. 1

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Disposition and Sentence of Defendant

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-12

Range of Invalid Data Values: 0

Notes: DECK IDENTIFICATION IS: '02' DK 2 COL 1- 2

CARD-IMAGE Location:

Start: 13
End: 14
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Indication of First Drug Status

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-21

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 16
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

Start: 80
Width: 2

Variable Text: Indication of Second Drug Status

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-21

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 18
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

Start: 82
Width: 2

Variable Text: Indication of Third Drug Status

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-21

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

Start: 19
End: 20
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Indication of Fourth Drug Status

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-21

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

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End: 22
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: First Drug of Abuse

Range of Valid Data Values: 01-10

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

Start: 23
End: 24
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Second Drug of Abuse

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-10

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

Start: 25
End: 26
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

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Width: 2

Variable Text: Third Drug of Abuse

Range of Valid Data Values: 00-10

Range of Invalid Data Values: 099

CARD-IMAGE Location:

Start: 27
End: 27
Width: 1
Record Segment No. 2

OSIRIS Location:

Start: 92
Width: 1

Variable Text: Treatment Status of Defendant

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-5

Range of Invalid Data Values: 09

Text:

APPENDIX *** NOTE 1 *** Crime Categories: Serious Against Person 125.01 Unspecified attempted homocide 125.05 Unspecified attempted homocide 125.98 Unspecified homocide 125.99 Unspecified homocide 120.30 Promoting suicide attempt 120.25 Reckless endangerment 125.25 Murder 125.10 Criminal negligent homocide 125.15 Manslaughter 125.20 Manslaughter 130.30 Attempted rape 130.45 Sodomy 130.30 Rape 133.65 Attempted sexual abuse 135.65 Sexual abuse 120.05 Assault 120.05 Attempted assualt 120.10 Assault 120.10 Attempted assualt 125.00 Unspecified homocide 125.25 Attempted murder 125.99 Unspecified attempted homocide 130.25 Rape 130.25 Attempted rape 130.35 Rape 130.35 Attempted rape 130.40 Sodomy 130.50 Sodomy 130.50 Attempted sodomy 135.20 Kidnapping 135.25 Kidnapping Crime Categories: Weapons 265.02 Attempted possession of weapon 265.02 Possession of a weapon 265.03 Possession of a weapon 265.05 Possession of a weapon by persons under 16 265.05 Attempted possession of a weapon by persons under 16 265.08 Unspecified weapons charge Crime Categories: Robbery and Burglary 140.20 Burglary 140.20 Attempted burglary 140.25 Burglary 140.25 Attempted burglary 140.30 Burglary 140.17 Criminal trespass 140.30 Attempted burglary 160.05 Robbery 160.05 Attempted robbery 160.10 Robbery 160.10 Attempted robbery 160.99 Unspecified robbery 160.15 Robbery 1 160.15 Attempted robbery 1 145.05 Criminal mischief 3 145.10 Criminal mischief 2 150.05 Arson 4 150.10 Arson 3 150.15 Attempted arson 2 150.15 Arson 2 150.20 Arson 1 150.25 Unspecified arson 150.98 Unspecified arson 150.10 Attempted arson 3 155.30 Grand larceny 3 155.35 Grand larceny 2 155.35 Attempted grand larceny 2 155.40 Grand larceny 1 165.45 Criminal possession of stolen property 2 165.50 Criminal possession of stolen property 1 170.10 Forgery 2 170.15 Forgery 1 170.65 Forgery vehicle I.D. number 170.25 Criminal possession of forged instrument 2 170.30 Criminal possession of forged instrument 1 170.70 Illegal possession vehicle I.D. number plate Crime Categories: Other Felonies 200.04 Bribery 1 200.15 Bribery receiving; no defense 205.10 Escape 2 215.51 Criminal contempt 1 215.05 Bribe received by a witness 230.25 Promoting prostitution 2 210.40 Making apparently sworn false statement 1 215.40 Tampering with physical evidence 215.57 Bail jumping 1 205.15 Escape 1 225.10 Promoting gambling 225.20 Possession of gambling records 230.30 Promoting prostitution 1 235.06 Obscenity 1 105.10 Conspiracy 2 130.65 Sexual abuse 1 190.40 Criminal usury 135.65 Coercion 1 200.00 Bribery 2