CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976  (ICPSR 7660 )

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CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976

7660

CBS News. THE NEW YORK TIMES.

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Copyright ICPSR, 2000

August, 31, 2000

Jon Brode's SISO script

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

August, 31, 2000

ICPSR XML Version

Jon Brode

CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976

7660

CBS News. THE NEW YORK TIMES.

CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976

7660

CBS News. THE NEW YORK TIMES.

CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES ELECTION SURVEYS, 1976 PART 3: APRIL SURVEY (ICPSR 7660) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES FIRST ICPSR EDITION, 1981 FIRST PRINTING, 1981 INTER-UNIVERSTIY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH P.O. BOX 1248 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48106 C 1981 THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AND THE ROPER PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH CENTER, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED, 1981 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS DO NOT APPLY TO MEMBER INSTITUTIONS OF THE ICPSR. ALL OR PART OF THIS CODEBOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED FOR USE AT MEMBER INSTITUTIONS WITH APPROPRIATE CITATION TO THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND THE ICPSR. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ASSISTANCE ALL MANUSCRIPTS USING DATA MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE CONSORTIUM SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE THAT FACT AS WELL AS IDENTIFY THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA. THE ICPSR COUNCIL URGES ALL USERS OF ICPSR DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOW SOME ADAPTATION OF THIS STATEMENT WITH THE PARENTHESES INDICATING ITEMS TO BE FILLED IN APPROPRIATELY OR DELETED BY THE INDIVIDUAL USER. THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) USED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) WERE MADE AVAILABLE (IN PART) BY THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH. THE DATA FOR THE CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES ELECTION SURVEYS, 1976, WERE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY CBS NEWS AND THE NEW YORK TIMES. NEITHER THE ORIGINAL COLLECTORS OF THE DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUM BEAR ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR INTERPRETATIONS PRESENTED HERE. IN ORDER TO PROVIDE FUNDING AGENCIES WITH ESSENTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE USE OF ARCHIVAL RESOURCES, AND TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ABOUT ICPSR PAR- TICIPANTS' RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USER OF THE ICPSR DATA FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND TWO COPIES OF EACH COMPLETED MANUSCRIPT OR THESIS ABSTRACT TO THE CONSORTIUM. PLEASE INDICATE IN THE COVER LETTER WHICH DATA WERE USED. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. INTRODUCTION SERIES DESCRIPTION I STUDY DESCRIPTION IV RELATED PUBLICATIONS IV SAMPLING INFORMATION V WEIGHTING AND FREQUENCIES INFORMATION VII CODEBOOK INFORMATION VIII PROCESSING INFORMATION XI FILE STRUCTURE XI VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST XII CODEBOOK 1 APPENDIX 41 I SERIES DESCRIPTION CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES ELECTION SURVEYS, 1976 CBS NEWS AND THE NEW YORK TIMES WERE EQUAL PARTNERS IN A SERIES OF ELECTION SURVEYS COVERING THE 1976 UNITED STATES PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN. THE ICPSR CITATION REFLECTS ONLY AN ALPHABELTICAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS. THE SURVEYS WERE INTENDED TO PROVIDE ANOTHER DIMENSION TO THE POLITICAL REPORTING OF THE TWO ORGANIZATIONS. THE SURVEYS, USING EXTENSIVE COVERAGE EARLY IN THE PRIMARY CAMPAIGN, WERE DESIGNED TO MONITOR THE PUBLIC'S CHANGING PERCEPTION OF THE CANDIDATES, THE ISSUES, AND THE CANDIDATES' POSITION VIS-A-VIS THE ISSUES. IT WAS THE INTENTION OF THE TWO NEWS ORGANIZATIONS TO REDUCE SPECULATION IN THEIR CAMPAIGN REPORTING ABOUT THE VOTING PUBLIC'S STATE OF MIND. TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED. THE FIRST WERE TEN SEPARATE TELEPHONE SURVEYS, EACH WITH AN AVERAGE OF 1500 RANDOMLY SELECTED ADULTS. FIVE SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED MONTHLY FROM FEBRUARY THROUGH JUNE, FOUR MORE BETWEEN EARLY SEPTEMBER AND THE GENERAL ELECTION--ONE IN SEPTEMBER AND ONE FOLLOWING EACH PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE. A FINAL SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED TWO DAYS AFTER THE GENERAL ELECTION. THE SECOND SET OF SURVEYS WERE DONE ON THE DAY OF THE PRIMARY OR ELECTION. INTERVIEWS WERE CONDUCTED AT THE POLLING PLACE AMONG A RANDOM SAMPLE OF PEOPLE WHO HAD JUST VOTED IN EITHER THE DEMOCRATIC OR REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY ELECTION. THESE SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED IN THE FOLLOWING PRIMARY STATES: CALIFORNIA, FLORIDA, ILLINOIS, INDIANA, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NEW YORK, OHIO, OREGON, PENNSYLVANIA AND WISCONSIN. ADDITIONALLY, FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, THERE WAS A NATIONWIDE ELECTION DAY SURVEY CONDUCTED AT THE POLLING PLACE WITH VOTERS THROUGHOUT THE NATION. RESPONDENTS WERE ASKED TO IDENTIFY THEIR POLITICAL PARTY PREFERENCE, THE CANDIDATE FOR WHOM THEY WOULD VOTE OR HAD VOTED IN PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN, THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARD NATIONAL ISSUES, THE ISSUES AND CANDIDATE CHARACTERISTICS THAT WERE IMPORTANT TO THEM IN THEIR CHOICE OF A CANDIDATE, AND SEVERAL DEMOGRAPHICS. II SERIES SAMPLING INFORMATION AND DATES OF INTERVIEWING NATIONAL SURVEYS SURVEY AND POPULATION IN SAMPLE REINTERVIEWS DATES OF SAMPLE SIZE INCLUDED INTERVIEWING IN TOTAL FEBRUARY ALL ADULTS 1458 (2/2-2/8) MARCH ALL ADULTS 1524 303 1ST (3/18-3/24) INTERVIEWED IN FEBRUARY APRIL ALL ADULTS 1464 354 1ST (4/10-4/15) INTERVIEWED IN MARCH MAY ALL ADULTS 1501 339 1ST (5/19-5/23) INTERVIEWED IN APRIL JUNE ALL ADULTS 1454 306 1ST (6/15-6/20) INTERVIEWED IN MAY 286 1ST INTERVIEWED IN FEBRUARY SEPTEMBER ALL ADULTS 1703 (8/29-9/5) DEBATE ONE ALL ADULTS 1167 ALL 1167 1ST (9/24-9/25) INTERVIEWED IN SEPTEMBER DEBATE TWO REGISTERED 1761 (10/8-10/12) ONLY DEBATE THREE REGISTERED 2025 (10/24-10/27) ONLY ELECTION DAY VOTERS ONLY 15,300 (NOV.2) POST-ELECTION ALL ADULTS 2042 1699 REGISTERED (11/4-11/8) 343 UNREGISTERED ALL 1ST INTERVIEWED AFTER DEBATE 3 III STATE PRIMARY DAY SURVEYS *IN THESE STATES REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS WERE SURVEYED WITH DIFFERENT QUESTIONNAIRES AND ARE CONTAINED IN SEPARATE DATA FILES. STATE AND TOTAL DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS DATE OF INTERVIEW *CALIFORNIA 2411 1492 919 (JUNE 8) FLORIDA 1680 1166 514 (MARCH 9) ILLINOIS 1060 716 344 (MARCH 16) *INDIANA 1471 816 655 (MAY 4) MASSACHUSETTS 1093 783 211 (MARCH 2) *MICHIGAN 1840 838 1002 (MAY 18) NEW HAMPSHIRE 1235 561 674 (FEBRUARY 24) NEW YORK 1074 1074 --- (APRIL 6) *OHIO 1650 983 667 (JUNE 8) OREGON 2089 1262 827 (MAY 25) PENNSYLVANIA 1507 1507 --- (APRIL 27) WISCONSIN 1835 1014 821 (APRIL 6) IV STUDY DESCRIPTION - PART 3 APRIL SURVEY THE APRIL SURVEY WAS A NATIONWIDE SURVEY CONDUCTED BY TELEPHONE WITH 1464 ADULTS. RESPONDENTS WERE ASKED FOR THEIR OPINIONS OF CURRENT GOVERNMENT POLICIES, THEIR EVALUATIONS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES, AS WELL AS THEIR SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC BACKGROUND INFORMATION. THERE WAS ALSO A SUBSET OF THE SAMPLE IN THE APRIL SURVEY DATA FILE THAT WAS RECONTACTED AND REINTERVIEWED. 354 OF THE RESPONDENTS WERE FIRST INTERVIEWED FOR THE MARCH SURVEY. RELATED PUBLICATIONS CHARLES H.BACKSTROM AND GERALD D. HURSH, SURVEY RESEARCH. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1963. JOSEPH WAKSBERG, "SAMPLING METHODS FOR RANDOM-DIGIT DIALING," JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, VOL. 73 (MARCH, 1978) 40-46. V SAMPLING INFORMATION THE INDIVIDUALS COMPRISING THE SAMPLE IN THE CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES NATIONWIDE TELEPHONE SURVEYS WERE SELECTED THROUGH A VARIATION OF RANDOM-DIGIT DIALING TECHNIQUES USING A PROCEDURE DESIGNED BY WARREN J. MITOFSKY IN 1970 FOR CBS NEWS SURVEYS. THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCEDURE WAS DONE BY JOSEPH WAKSBERG AND IS DESCRIBED IN THE RECENT PUBLICATION "SAMPLING METHODS FOR RAMDOM-DIGIT DIALING," JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION. (VOL.73) MARCH, 1978, PP. 40-46. PRIMARY SAMPLING UNITS (PSU'S) ARE BLOCKS OF 100 TELEPHONE NUMBERS, IDENTICAL THROUGH THE EIGHTH DIGIT (AREA CODE-EXCHANGE-XX__). THE PSU'S WERE STRATIFIED BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, AREA CODE AND SIZE OF PLACE. FOUR SIZE OF PLACE STRATA WERE CRUDELY DETERMINED BY USING THE GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES OF THE PLACES WHERE THE CENTRAL OFFICES ARE LOCATED. THESE COORDINATES ARE ASSIGNED BY THE PHONE COMPANY TO EVERY EXCHANGE. ALL EXCHANGES IN THE SAME CITY WOULD HAVE THE SAME COORDINATES. LARGE AND SMALL CITY STRATA WERE DEFINED BY COUNTING THE NUMBER OF EXCHANGES PER PAIR OF COORDINATES. SUBURBS ARE EXCHANGES WITHIN 15 MILES OF LARGE CITIES. THE LAST STRATUM INCLUDES THE REMAINING EXCHANGES. THE NUMBER OF WORKING RESIDENTIAL PHONE NUMBERS PER EXCHANGE VARIES CONSIDERABLY BY STRATUM. THE FIRST STAGE SELECTION WAS SYSTEMATIC WITH A UNIFORM RATE, FROM A COMPLETE LIST OF ALL EXISTING AREA CODES AND EXCHANGES IN THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES. THE LAST TWO DIGITS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED WITHIN EACH PSU. THE NUMBER WAS CALLED FOR A SCREENING INTERVIEW. IF IT WAS A WORKING RESIDENTIAL NUMBER, THE PSU (I.E., THE BLOCK OF 100 TELEPHONE NUMBERS) WAS RETAINED IN THE SAMPLE. THREE RESIDENCES WERE TO BE CONTACTED WITHIN A PSU FOR EACH SURVEY. THE ACTUAL TELEPHONE NUMBERS FOR EACH SURVEY WERE SELECTED IN SMALL GROUPS (REPLICATES), TO PERMIT VARYING SAMPLE SIZES, WHILE STILL RETAINING GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. THE INITIAL SCREENING OF A PSU TAKES ADVANTAGE OF THE TELEPHONE COMPANY'S PRACTICE OF ASSIGNING WORKING TELEPHONE NUMBERS IN BLOCKS OF 100'S OR 1000'S BEFORE STARTING A NEW BLOCK. THE DESIGN IS SELF-WEIGHTING, AS THE LIKELIHOOD OF AN EIGHT DIGIT GROUP OR "BLOCK" BEING SELECTED AS A PSU IS EXACTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE NUMBER OF WORKING NUMBERS IN THE BLOCK. VI RESPONDENTS WERE SELECTED WITHIN HOUSEHOLD USING A METHOD DEVELOPED BY KISH, AND MODIFIED BY BACKSTROM AND HURSH. (CHARLES H. BACKSTROM AND GERALD D. HURSH, SURVEY RESEARCH. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1963, PP. 52-58.) THE PROBABILITY OF SELECTION DEPENDS ON THE SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD. THE PROCEDURE PROVIDES AN UNBIASED SELECTION OF HOUSEHOLDS OF FEWER THAN FIVE ADULTS. THE RESPONDENT SELECTION CONTROLS FOR SEX AND THE RELATIVE AGE COMPOSITION OF THE HOUSEHOLD. IN THE MONTHLY SURVEYS CONDUCTED BETWEEN FEBRUARY AND JUNE, AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO REINTERVIEW RESPONDENTS FROM PRIOR SURVEYS. HALF OF EACH SAMPLE WAS TO INCLUDE A RANDOMLY-SELECTED HALF SAMPLE OF RESPONDENTS FROM THE PRIOR MONTH. THE APRIL SAMPLE CONTAINS 354 PERSONS FIRST INTERVIEWED IN MARCH. THE REINTERVIEWED RESPONDENTS FROM MARCH REPRESENT THE RESULTS OF SUCCESSFUL RECONTACT FROM A RANDOMLY SELECTED HALF-SAMPLE OF PRIOR RESPONDENTS. THE REINTERVIEWED RESPONDENTS, WHO COMPRISE LESS THAN HALF OF THE CASES IN THE SURVEY DATASET, ARE NOT SEPARATELY IDENTIFIED. THE APRIL SURVEY INCLUDES AN OVERSAMPLING OF REPUBLICANS TO INSURE THAT THE NUMBER OF REPUBLICANS WOULD BE LARGE ENOUGH FOR RELIABLE ANALYSIS. TO DO THIS, ADDITIONAL RANDOM REPLICATES BEYOND THOSE USED TO OBTAIN THE ORIGINAL SAMPLE WERE INCLUDED. IN THESE ADDITIONAL REPLICATES, ONLY REPUBLICAN RESPONDENTS WERE INTERVIEWED. RESPONDENTS ARE IDENTIFIED AS HAVING BEEN SELECTED AS PART OF THE ADDITIONAL SAMPLE OF REPUBLICANS BY A CODE IN VARIABLE 16 OF THE SURVEY. THE ENTIRE SAMPLE IS WEIGHTED TO REFLECT THE ACTUAL PROBABILITY OF SELECTION, INCLUDING THIS OVER SAMPLING. VII WEIGHTING AND FREQUENCIES INFORMATION THE STUDY CONTAINS A WEIGHT VARIABLE (V5) WHICH MUST BE USED IN ANY DATA ANALYSIS. THERE ARE THREE IMPLIED DECIMAL PLACES IN THE WEIGHT VARIABLE. THE FREQUENCIES WHICH APPEAR IN THE CODEBOOK NEXT TO THE CODE VALUES FOR EACH VARIABLE ARE WEIGHTED. DECIMAL PLACES IN THESE FREQUENCIES HAVE BEEN ROUNDED TO THE NEAREST WHOLE NUMBER. THE WEIGHT ASSIGNED TO EACH RESPONDENT IS THE INVERSE OF THE PROBABILITY OF SELECTION, MODIFIED BY A SERIES OF RATIO ESTIMATES. THE FIRST STAGE IS ESSENTIALLY A NON-INTERVIEW ADJUSTMENT WITHIN GEOGRAPHIC REGION. FOR EACH REGION, AN ADJUSTMENT WAS MADE TO APPROXIMATE THE NUMBER OF ADULTS IN THE REGION. IN THE NEXT STAGE, RACE BY SEX WERE THE RATIO ESTIMATE CHARACTERISTICS, AND THE FINAL STAGE WAS AGE BY EDUCATION. (ON OCCASION, BECAUSE OF A SMALL NUMBER OF SAMPLE CASES IN SOME CELLS AT THE FINAL STAGE, SOME EDUCATIONAL GROUPS WERE COLLAPSED WITHIN AGE CATEGORIES.) THE WEIGHTS COMPUTED IN THE MANNER DESCRIBED ARE THE DIMENSION OF THE ADULT POPULATIN OF THE UNITED STATES. FOR CONVENIENCE, ALL WEIGHTS WERE REDUCED BY A CONSTANT SO THAT THE RESULTING SUM OF THE WEIGHTS IS THE SAMPLE SIZE. A WEIGHT IS ASSIGNED TO EACH SAMPLE RECORD, AND MUST BE USED FOR ALL TABULATIONS. IN THE MONTHLY SURVEYS WHICH INCLUDED REINTERVIEWS WITH RESPONDENTS FROM PREVIOUS MONTHS' SAMPLES, (MARCH, APRIL, MAY, AND JUNE), THE ENTIRE FILE, INCLUDING THE REINTERVIEWED RESPONDENTS, WAS WEIGHTED USING THE METHOD DESCRIBED ABOVE. IN THE APRIL SURVEY THESE WEIGHTS WERE THEN ASSIGNED TO THE RESPONDENTS BEING INTERVIEWED FOR THE FIRST TIME, WHILE REINTERVIEWED RESPONDENTS WERE GIVEN THE WEIGHTS THEY HAD BEEN ASSIGNED IN THEIR ORIGINAL SAMPLE. VIII CODEBOOK INFORMATION THE EXAMPLE BELOW ILLUSTRATES THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE CODEBOOK FOR A TYPICAL VARIABLE. THE NUMBERS IN CIRCLES DO NOT APPEAR IN THE CODEBOOK, BUT REFER TO THE EXPLANATIONS WHICH FOLLOW THIS EXAMPLE. ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 VAR 22 2 5A MST IMPT REP POL ISSU 3 MD=0 OR GE 7 REF 22 4 LOC 39 WIDTH 1 5 ----------- 6 ----------- 7 Q.5A. NOW LETS TALK ABOUT POLITICAL ISSUES. VOTERS TELL US CERTAIN ISSUES ARE MORE IMPORTANT THAN OTHERS. WHICH ONE OF (NAME OF CANDIDATE FROM Q.2) POSITIONS IS THE MOST IMPORTANT REASON WHY YOU CHOSE HIM? (INTERVIEWER: READ ENTIRE LIST, RECORD ONE ANSWER ONLY) 8 ----------------------------------- 9 ----------------------------------- 10 11 12 56 1. HE'LL REDUCE THE SIZE OF GOVERNMENT 206 2. HE'LL DEAL MORE EFFECTIVELY WITH THE ECONOMY 30 3. HE'S LESS LIKELY TO SPLIT THE REPUBLICAN PARTY 44 4. HE WON'T LET US FALL BEHIND RUSSIA 80 5. HE'LL CLEAN UP THE WELFARE SITUATION 136 6. HE'S LESS LIKELY TO GET US INTO A WAR 824 0. INAP., CODED 2 IN Q.1; CODED 6,8 OR 9 IN Q.2; SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED INAP BUT WAS NOT 36 7. NONE OF THESE 31 8. DK 11 9. NO ANSWER, REFUSED; ERRONEOUSLY CODED INAP ........................................................... 1. INDICATES THE VARIABLE AND REFERENCE NUMBERS. A VARI- ABLE AND A REFERENCE NUMBER ARE ASSIGNED TO EACH ITEM IN THE STUDY. IN THIS CODEBOOK, WHICH DOCUMENTS THE ARCHIVED DATASET, THESE NUMBERS ARE IDENTICAL. SHOULD THE DATA BE SUBSET OR REARRANGED BY AN OSIRIS PROGRAM (E.G., MMP TO INTERSPERSE DATA FROM ANOTHER SOURCE, OR TCOT TO PRODUCE AN ANALYSIS DECK), THE VARIABLE NUMBERS WOULD CHANGE TO REFLECT THE ORDER OF THE NEW DATASET, WHILE THE REFERENCE NUMBERS WOULD REMAIN UNCHANGED TO REFLECT THE VARIABLE NUMBER IN THE CODEBOOK DESCRIBING THE ARCHIVED DATASET. IX 2. INDICATES THE ABBREVIATED VARIABLE NAME (MAXIMUM OF 24 CHARACTERS) USED IN THE OSIRIS SYSTEM TO IDENTIFY THE VARIABLE FOR THE USER. AN EXPANDED VERSION OF THE VARIABLE NAME CAN BE FOUND IN THE VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST. THE QUESTION NUMBER ASSOCIATED WITH THE VARIABLE APPEARS AT THE BEGINING OF THE VARIABLE NAME. 3. INDICATES THE CODE VALUES OF MISSING DATA. IN THIS EXAMPLE, CODE VALUES EQUAL TO ZERO AND THOSE GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO SEVEN ARE MISSING DATA (MD=0 OR GE 7). ALTERNATIVE STATEMENTS FOR OTHER VARIABLES ARE "MD=0", "MD=9", OR "NO MISSING DATA CODES". SOME ANALYSIS SOFTWARE PACKAGES (INCLUDING THE OSIRIS SOFTWARE PACKAGE) REQUIRE THAT CERTAIN TYPES OF DATA WHICH THE USER DESIRES TO EXCLUDE FROM ANALYSIS CAN BE DESIGNATED AS "MISSING DATA", E.G., INAPPROPRIATE, UNASCERTAINED, UNASCERTAINABLE OR AMBIGOUS DATA CATEGORIES. ALTHOUGH THESE CODES ARE DEFINED AS MISSING DATA CATEGORIES, THIS DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE USER SHOULD NOT OR CANNOT USE THEM IN A SUBSTANTIVE ROLE IF SO DESIRED. 4. INDICATES THE STARTING LOCATION AND WIDTH OF THIS VARI- ABLE WHEN THE DATA ARE STORED ON A MAGNETIC TAPE IN THE OSIRIS FORMAT. IF THE VARIABLE IS OF A MULTIPLE- RESPONSE TYPE, THE WIDTH REFERENCED IS THAT OF A SINGLE RESPONSE. 5. INDICATES THE LOCATION BY DECK AND COLUMN(S) OF THIS VARIABLE WHEN THE DATA ARE ON CARDS OR IN A CARD-IMAGE FORMAT (EITHER 80- OR 84-COLUMN FORMAT). 6. A VARIABLE CONTAINING DATA WITH IMPLIED DECIMALS IS DENOTED BY THE MESSAGE "XX DEC PLACE(S)", WHERE XX IS THE NUMBER OF DECIMAL PLACES IMPLIED (NOT PUNCHED) IN THE VARIABLE. 7. THIS IS THE FULL TEXT (QUESTION) SUPPLIED BY THE INVESTIGATOR TO DESCRIBE THE VARIABLE. THE QUESTION TEXT REFLECTS THE ORIGINAL WORDING OF THE QUESTION- NAIRE ITEM. 8. INDICATES AN ADDITIONAL COMMENT OR EXPLANATION APPENDED TO THE VARIABLE DESCRIPTION. X 9. A VARIABLE WHICH HAS A FOOTNOTE ASSOCIATED WITH IT IS DENOTED BY THE MESSAGE "SEE NOTE(S) X", WHERE X IS THE NUMBER OF THE FOOTNOTE REFERENCED. 10. INDICATES THE FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE OF EACH CODE VALUE FOR THIS VARIABLE. 11. INDICATES THE CODE VALUES OCCURRING IN THE DATA FOR THIS VARIABLE; WHERE RANGES OF VALUES ARE INDICATED BY ..., THE "..." DO NOT APPEAR IN THE DATA. 12. INDICATES THE TEXTUAL DEFINITIONS OF THE CODES. ABBREVIATIONS COMMONLY USED IN THE CODE DEFINITIONS ARE "DK" (DON'T KNOW), "NA" (NOT ASCERTAINED), AND "INAP" (INAPPROPRIATE). THE PHRASES "SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED INAP BUT WAS NOT" AND "ERRONEOUSLY CODED INAP," WHICH APPEAR FREQUENTLY IN THE "INAP" AND "NO ANSWER" CODE DEFINITIONS, REFLECT RECODING THAT WAS DONE TO THE ORIGINAL DATA TO ACHIEVE CONSISTENCY. RESPONDENTS WHO SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED "INAP" BUT WERE NOT HAVE BEEN RECODED TO "INAP", AND THOSE WHO WERE CODED "INAP" BUT SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HAVE BEEN RECODED TO THE "NO ANSWER" CATEGORY. XI PROCESSING INFORMATION THIS STUDY WAS PROCESSED ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD ICPSR PROCEDURES. THE DATA WERE CHECKED FOR INCONSISTENT CODES, ILLEGAL CODES AND BLANKS WHICH, WHENEVER FOUND, WERE CORRECTED BY RECODING TO THE APPROPRIATE MISSING DATA CATEGORIES. THE PHRASES "SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED INAP BUT WAS NOT" AND "ERRONEOULSY CODED INAP," WHICH APPEAR FREQUENTLY IN THE "INAP" AND "NO ANSWER" CODE DEFINITIONS, REFLECT RECODING THAT WAS DONE TO THE ORIGINAL DATA TO ACHIEVE CONSISTENCY. RESPONDENTS WHO SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED "INAP" BUT WERE NOT HAVE BEEN RECODED TO "INAP", AND THOSE WHO WERE CODED "INAP" BUT SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HAVE BEEN RECODED TO THE "NO ANSWER" CATEGORY. STATEMENTS BRACKETED IN "(" AND ")" SIGNS IN THE BODY OF THE CODEBOOK AND THE FOOTNOTES WERE ADDED BY THE PROCESSORS FOR EXPLANATORY PURPOSES. FILE STRUCTURE THE DATA ARE AVAILABLE FROM ICPSR IN TWO FORMATS: A CARD-IMAGE FILE AND AN OSIRIS DATASET. THE CARD-IMAGE FILE CONTAINS 2 DECKS PER RESPONDENT ON 80-COLUMN PUNCHED CARDS. THE DATA ARE SORTED BY RESPONDENT NUMBER WITH ALL DECKS (CARDS) FOR EACH CASE TOGETHER IN ASCENDING ORDER. THERE ARE TWO COMPONENTS TO THE OSIRIS DATASET. THE OSIRIS DICTIONARY CONTAINS ALL TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR EACH VARIABLE IN THE OSIRIS DATAFILE. THE DICTIONARY OR DICTIONARY-CODEBOOK FILE IS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OSIRIS SOFTWARE PACKAGE. THE OSIRIS DATA FILE IS A SINGLE LOGICAL RECORD OF 120 BYTES FOR EACH RESPONDENT. THERE ARE 103 VARIABLES IN THE DATASET. THE OSIRIS DATA FILE CAN BE ACCESSED DIRECTLY BY SOFTWARE PACKAGES WHICH DO NOT USE THE OSIRIS DICTIONARY BY SPECIFYING THE TAPE LOCATIONS OF THE DESIRED VARIABLES. TAPE LOCATIONS ARE PROVIDED IN THIS CODEBOOK. XII VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST VAR. NO. STUDY INFORMATION 1 ICPSR STUDY NUMBER-7660 2 ICPSR EDITION NUMBER-1 3 ICPSR PART NUMBER-003 4 RESPONDENT'S I.D. 5 WEIGHT VARIABLE BACKGROUND AND CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION 6 CBS REGION CODE 7 CENSUS REGION CODE 8 COMPLETED INTERVIEW 9 RESPONDENT SELECTION KEY NUMBER 10 SURVEY NUMBER 11 NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HOUSEHOLD 12 SEX OF RESPONDENT 13 STATE CODE 14 TELEPHONE NUMBER 15 SIZE OF PLACE CODE 16 SELECTION STATUS 17 DOES R THINK OF SELF AS A REPUBLICAN, A DEMOCRAT, OR AN INDEPENDENT R'S ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ISSUES 18 DOES R AGREE THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD PROVIDE EVERYONE WITH A JOB 19 RESPONDENT DIS/AGREE: IT IS NOT IN OUR INTEREST TO BE SO FRIENDLY WITH RUSSIA 20 RESPONDENT DIS/AGREE: MOST WELFARE SHOULD BE ELIMINATED 21 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT THE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM SHOULD BE STRENGTHENED 22 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS PAID TOO MUCH ATTENTION TO MINORITIES 23 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT MUST HAVE A MORE BALANCED BUDGET 24 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT LAWS AGAINST POLLUTING THE ENVIRONMENT SHOULD BE RELAXED 25 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT THE U.S. SHOULD SELL ARMS TO EGYPT 26 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT IT DOESN'T MATTER WHO IS ELECTED PRESIDENT 27 DOES R DIS/AGREE THAT WE SHOULD TRY HARDER TO REACH AGREEMENTS WITH THE RUSSIANS 28 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT WE SHOULD ELECT ONE WHO HAS SPENT TIME OUTSIDE OF WASHINGTON R'S ASSESSMENT OF ISSUE POSITIONS 29 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT MORRIS UDALL IS TOO LIBERAL ON SOME ISSUES 30 DOES R DIS/AGREE THAT HENRY JACKSON IS TOO PRO-MILITARY ON FOREIGN POLICY ISSUES 31 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT JIMMY CARTER'S POSITIONS ARE TOO UNSPECIFIC AND FUZZY 32 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT HENRY KISSINGER HAS HURT AMERICAN POSITION IN THE WORLD 33 DOES R THINK THAT GOVERNMENT SPENDING FOR HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND PROGRAMS FOR THE POOR SHOULD BE REDUCED 34 DOES R THINK THAT THE ECONOMY IS IMPROVING OR GETTING WORSE 35 IS R (DIS)SATISFIED WITH THE WAY THE ECONOMY IS GOING 36 DOES R THINK THAT GOVERNMENT SPENDING FOR MILITARY DEFENSE SHOULD BE REDUCED 37 WOULD R RATHER HAVE A SMALLER GOVERNMENT OR A BIGGER GOVERNMENT 38 DOES R (DIS)AGREE THAT NON-WHITES SHOULD BE ABLE TO MOVE INTO ANY NEIGHBORHOOD R'S ASSESSMENT OF CANDIDATES 39 RONALD REAGAN: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 40 MORRIS UDALL: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 41 HENRY JACKSON: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 42 JIMMY CARTER: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 43 GERALD FORD: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 44 GEORGE WALLACE: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 45 HUBERT HUMPHREY: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 46 FRANK CHURCH: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 47 FRED HARRIS: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 48 JERRY BROWN: FAVORABLE OR UNFAVORABLE OPINION 49 RONALD REAGAN: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE OR A CONSERVATIVE 50 MORRIS UDALL: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 51 HENRY JACKSON: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 52 JIMMY CARTER: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 53 GERALD FORD: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 54 GEORGE WALLACE: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 55 HUBERT HUMPHREY: A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 56 RONALD REAGAN: MORE HONEST AND MORE INTEGRITY 57 MORRIS UDALL: MORE HONEST AND MORE INTEGRITY THAN MOST 58 HENRY JACKSON: MORE HONESTY AND MORE INTEGRITY THAN MOST 59 JIMMY CARTER: MORE HONEST AND MORE INTEGRITY THAN MOST 60 GERALD FORD: MORE HONEST AND MORE INTEGRITY THAN MOST 61 GEORGE WALLACE: MORE HONEST AND MORE INTEGRITY THAN MOST 62 HUBERT HUMPHREY: MORE HONEST AND MORE INTEGRITY THAN MOST 63 RONALD REAGAN: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 64 MORRIS UDALL: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 65 HENRY JACKSON: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 66 JIMMY CARTER: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 67 GERALD FORD: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 68 GEORGE WALLACE: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 69 HUBERT HUMPHREY: STRONG QUALITIES OF LEADERSHIP 70 RONALD REAGAN: COMPETENT PERSON 71 MORRIS UDALL: COMPETENT PERSON 72 HENRY JACKSON: COMPETENT PERSON 73 JIMMY CARTER: COMPETENT PERSON 74 GERALD FORD: COMPETENT PERSON 75 GEORGE WALLACE: COMPETENT PERSON 76 HUBERT HUMPHREY: COMPETENT PERSON R'S CANDIDATE CHOICE 77 GERALD FORD OR MORRIS UDALL: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR IF ELECTION HELD TODAY 78 GERALD FORD OR GEORGE WALLACE: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR 79 GERALD FORD OR JIMMY CARTER: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR 80 GERALD FORD OR HENRY JACKSON: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR 81 GERALD FORD OR HUBERT HUMPHREY: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR 82 GERALD FORD OR FRED HARRIS: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR 83 GERALD FORD OR JERRY BROWN: CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR 84 R'S CANDIDATE PREFERENCE FOR THE DEMOCRATIC NOMINATION FOR PRESIDENT 85 RESPONDENT'S FEELING ABOUT PREFERRED CANDIDATE 86 R'S CANDIDATE PREFERENCE WITH HUMPHREY AS A DECLARED CANDIDATE 87 R'S CANDIDATE PREFERENCE FOR THE REPUBLICAN NOMINATION: REAGAN OR FORD 88 REAGAN'S CHANCE AGAINST THE DEMOCRATS OTHER ISSUE ASSESSMENTS OF R 89 RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA VS. CRIME AND DRUG ABUSE 90 ENERGY CRISIS VS. RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA 91 HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND PROGRAMS FOR THE POOR VS. MILITARY DEFENSE 92 TREATMENT OF MINORITIES VS. RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA 93 UNEMPLOYMENT VS. INFLATION 94 GOVERNMENT GUARANTEED JOB PROGRAM VS. RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA ADDITIONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION 95 CANDIDATE R VOTED FOR IN THE 1972 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION: NIXON OR MCGOVERN 96 R'S VIEWS ON POLITICAL MATTERS: LIBERAL, MODERATE, CONSERVATIVE 97 LAST GRADE IN SCHOOL THAT R ATTENDED 98 R'S AGE GROUP 99 R'S RACE 100 R'S RELIGIOUS BACKGROUND 101 OCCUPATION OF CHIEF WAGE EARNER IN R'S HOUSEHOLD 102 LABOR UNION MEMBER IN R'S HOUSEHOLD 103 R'S TOTAL FAMILY INCOME IN 1975 ----------------------------------

• ICPSR STUDY NUMBER-7660
• ICPSR EDITION NUMBER-1
• ICPSR PART NUMBER-003
• RESPONDENT'S I.D.
• WEIGHT VARIABLE
• CBS REGION CODE
• CENSUS REGION CODE
• COMPLETED INTERVIEW
• RESPONDENT SEL KEY NUMB
• SURVEY NUMBER
• NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HSEH
• SEX OF RESPONDENT
• STATE CODE
• TELEPHONE NUMBER
• SIZE OF PLACE CODE
• SELECTION STATUS
• 1 R AS REP, DEM, IND
• 2A FED GVT GV EV JOB
• 2B D/AGR NT NTST FR USSR
• 2C D/AGR WELFR ELIMINATD
• 2D SOC SEC SYS STRENGTHD
• 2E GVT PD MCH ATTN MINOR
• 2F FED GVT HV MR BAL BUD
• 2G RELX LWS AGNT POL ENV
• 2H U.S. SHLD SLL ARMS EG
• 2I DSNT MTTR WHO IS ELEC
• 2J TRY HRDR RCH AGR RUSS
• 2K EL ONE SPNT CAR OUT W
• 2L UDALL IS TOO LIBERAL
• 2M JCKSN TOO PROMILITARY
• 2N CART POS UNSPEC & FUZ
• 2O KISSNG HRT AMER POS
• 3A RED SPND HLTH,ED,POOR
• 3B ECONOMY IS IMPROV
• 3C SATISFD WY ECON GOING
• 3D GVT SPND MIL DEF RED
• 3E SMALLER/BIGGER GOVT
• 3X NON-WHITES MV ANY NGH
• 4(A) REAGAN: FV OR UN OP
• 4(B) UDALL: FV OR UN OP
• 4(C) JACKSON: FV/UN OPIN
• 4(D) CARTER: FV OR UN OP
• 4(E) FORD: FAV OR UN OPN
• 4(F) WALLACE:FV OR UN OP
• 4(G) HUMPHREY: FV/UN OPN
• 4(H) CHURCH: FV OR UN OP
• 4(J) HARRIS: FV OR UN OP
• 4(K) BROWN: FV OR UN OPN
• 5(A) REAG: LIB,MOD,CONS
• 5(B) UDALL: LIB,MOD,CONS
• 5(C) JACKSON: LB,MD,CONS
• 5(D) CARTER:
• 5(E) FORD: LIB,MOD,CONS
• 5(F) WALLACE: LB,MD,CONS
• 5(G) HUMPHREY: LB,MD,CON
• 6A(1) RG: MR HN & MR INT
• 6A(2) UDALL: MR HN/MR IN
• 6A(3) JCKSN: MR HN/MR IN
• 6A(4) CRTR: MR HN/MR INT
• 6A(5) FORD: MR HN/MR INT
• 6A(6) WLLCE:MR HN/MR INT
• 6A(7) HUMPH:MR HN/MR INT
• 6B(1) REAG: STRNG LDR QL
• 6B(2) UDALL: STRG QL LDR
• 6B(3) JCKSN: STR QL LDRS
• 6B(4) CART: STR QL LDRSH
• 6B(5) FORD: STR QL LDRSH
• 6B(6) WALLAC: STR QL LDR
• 6B(7) HUMPH: STR QL LDRS
• 6(C)1 REAG: COMP PERSON
• 6C(2) UDALL: COMP PERSON
• 6C(3) JCKSN: COMP PERSON
• 6C(4) CART: COMP PERSON
• 6C(5) FORD: COMP PERSON
• 6C(6) WALLAC: COMP PERSN
• 6C(7) HUMPH: COMP PERSON
• 7(A) R VOTE FORD OR UDAL
• 7(B) R VOTE FORD OR WALL
• 7(C) R VOTE FORD OR CART
• 7(D) R VOTE FORD OR JCKS
• 7(E) R VOTE FORD OR HUMP
• 7(F) R VOTE FORD OR HARR
• 7(G) R VOTE FORD OR BROW
• 8 R'S PREF FOR DEM NOM
• 9 STMNT CLST FL ABT CAND
• 10 CNDIDTE PREF W/ HUMPH
• 11 R'S PREF FOR REP NOM
• 12 REAGAN AGANST THE DEM
• 13A RNS W RUS VS CRM/DRG
• 13B ENRG CRS VS RNS RUS
• 13C HL,ED, POOR VS MIL
• 13D TRTMT MIN VS RNS RUS
• 13E UNEMP VS. INFLAT
• 13F GVT JB PRG/RNS W RUS
• 14 CND R VTE IN 1972 EL
• 15 R'S VIEWS ON POL MATT
• 16. LAST GRADE R ATTEND
• 17 R'S AGE GROUP
• 18 R'S RACE
• 19 R'S RELIGIOUS BACKGRD
• 20 OCCUP CHF WGE EARNER
• 21 LAB UN MEM IN HSEHOLD
• 22 R'S TOTAL FAMILY INCM

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Variable Text: ICPSR STUDY NUMBER-7660

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Variable Text: ICPSR EDITION NUMBER

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-1

Notes: THE NUMBER IDENTIFYING THE RELEASE EDITION OF THIS DATASET.

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Variable Text: ICPSR PART NUMBER

Range of Valid Data Values: 001-011

Notes: THE NUMBER IDENTIFYING THIS PART OF A 11-PART STUDY.

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Variable Text: RESPONDENT'S I.D.

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Variable Text: WEIGHT VARIABLE

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Variable Text: CBS REGION CODE

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-4

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Variable Text: CENSUS REGION CODE

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-4

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Variable Text: COMPLETED INTERVIEW

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-1

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OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: RESPONDENT SELECTION KEY NUMBER

Notes: ACTUAL NUMBER IS CODED. VALID-N=1464 MIN=1 MAX=6 MEAN=3.3 ST.DEV=1.7

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Variable Text: SURVEY NUMBER

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-5

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OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HOUSEHOLD

Notes: ACTUAL NUMBER IS CODED. VALID-N=1464 MIN=1 MAX=6 MEAN=2.3 ST.DEV=0.9

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Variable Text: SEX OF RESPONDENT. (BY INTERVIEWER OBSERVATION)

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-2

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Start: 24
Width: 2

Variable Text: STATE CODE

Notes: SEE NOTE(S) 1 CODE: 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 FREQ: 21 16 13 115 9 10 3 8 68 37 13 CODE: 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 FREQ: 80 26 30 32 22 26 11 37 23 71 24 CODE: 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 FREQ: 22 25 10 11 4 2 58 15 98 27 2 CODE: 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 FREQ: 61 16 14 114 8 25 12 35 81 5 13 CODE: 47 48 49 50 51 FREQ: 43 27 9 27 5

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Variable Text: TELEPHONE NUMBER

Notes: THE FIRST THREE COLUMNS OF THIS VARIABLE CONTAIN THE AREA CODE OF THE RESPONDENT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER. THIS VARIABLE ORIGINALLY CONTAINED BOTH THE AREA CODE AND EXCHANGE OF THE RESPONDENT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER. FOR REASONS OF CONFIDENTIALITY THE EXCHANGE HAS BEEN SUPPRESSED, AND THE LAST THREE COLUMNS OF THE VARIABLE PADDED WITH MISSING DATA. THE ORIGINAL DATA IS MAINTAINED AT ICPSR; THE CONSORTIUM WILL DO TABULATIONS AND ANALYSIS WITH THIS DATA FOR ANY USER WHO REQUESTS IT.

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Variable Text: SIZE OF PLACE CODE

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-4

Range of Invalid Data Values: 9

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OSIRIS Location:

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Variable Text: SELECTION STATUS

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-2

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