CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976  (ICPSR 7660 )

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CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976

7660

CBS News. THE NEW YORK TIMES.

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

Copyright ICPSR, 2000

August, 31, 2000

Jon Brode's SISO script

Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research

August, 31, 2000

ICPSR XML Version

Jon Brode

CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976

7660

CBS News. THE NEW YORK TIMES.

CBS News/NEW YORK TIMES Election Surveys, 1976

7660

CBS News. THE NEW YORK TIMES.

CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES ELECTION SURVEYS, 1976 PART 7: DEBATE ONE SURVEY (ICPSR 7660) PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES FIRST ICPSR EDITION, 1980 FIRST PRINTING, 1980 INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH P.O. BOX 1248 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN 48106 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS NUMBER: ISBN (PAPERBACK) C 1980 THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISHED, 1980 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COPYRIGHT RESTRICTIONS DO NOT APPLY TO MEMBER INSTITUTIONS OF THE ICPSR. ALL OR PART OF THIS CODEBOOK MAY BE REPRODUCED FOR USE AT MEMBER INSTITUTIONS WITH APPROPRIATE CITATION TO THE PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR AND THE ICPSR. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF ASSISTANCE ALL MANUSCRIPTS USING DATA MADE AVAILABLE THROUGH THE CONSORTIUM SHOULD ACKNOWLEDGE THAT FACT AS WELL AS IDENTIFY THE ORIGINAL COLLECTOR OF THE DATA. THE ICPSR COUNCIL URGES ALL USERS OF ICPSR DATA FACILITIES TO FOLLOW SOME ADAPTATION OF THIS STATEMENT WITH THE PARENTHESES INDICATING ITEMS TO BE FILLED IN APPROPRIATELY OR DELETED BY THE INDIVIDUAL USER. THE DATA (AND TABULATIONS) USED IN THIS (PUBLICATION) WERE MADE AVAILABLE (IN PART) BY THE INTER-UNIVERSITY CONSORTIUM FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL RESEARCH. THE DATA FOR THE CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES ELECTION SURVEYS, 1976, WERE ORIGINALLY COLLECTED BY CBS NEWS AND THE NEW YORK TIMES. NEITHER THE ORIGINAL COLLECTORS OF THE DATA NOR THE CONSORTIUM BEAR ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ANALYSES OR INTERPRETATIONS PRESENTED HERE. IN ORDER TO PROVIDE FUNDING AGENCIES WITH ESSENTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE USE OF ARCHIVAL RESOURCES, AND TO FACILITATE THE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ABOUT ICPSR PAR- TICIPANTS' RESEARCH ACTIVITIES, EACH USER OF THE ICPSR DATA FACILITIES IS EXPECTED TO SEND TWO COPIES OF EACH COMPLETED MANUSCRIPT OR THESIS ABSTRACT TO THE CONSORTIUM. PLEASE INDICATE IN THE COVER LETTER WHICH DATA WERE USED. TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. INTRODUCTION SERIES DESCRIPTION I STUDY DESCRIPTION IV RELATED PUBLICATIONS IV SAMPLING INFORMATION V WEIGHTING AND FREQUENCIES INFORMATION VII CODEBOOK INFORMATION VIII PROCESSING INFORMATION XI FILE STRUCTURE XI VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST XII CODEBOOK 1 APPENDIX 45 I SERIES DESCRIPTION CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES ELECTION SURVEYS, 1976 CBS NEWS AND THE NEW YORK TIMES WERE PARTNERS IN A SERIES OF ELECTION SURVEYS COVERING THE 1976 UNITED STATES PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN. THE SURVEYS WERE INTENDED TO PROVIDE ANOTHER DIMENSION TO THE POLITICAL REPORTING OF THE TWO ORGANIZATIONS. THE SURVEYS, USING EXTENSIVE COVERAGE EARLY IN THE PRIMARY CAMPAIGN, WERE DESIGNED TO MONITOR THE PUBLIC'S CHANGING PERCEPTION OF THE CANDIDATES, THE ISSUES, AND THE CANDIDATES' POSITION VIS-A-VIS THE ISSUES. IT WAS THE INTENTION OF THE TWO NEWS ORGANIZATIONS TO REDUCE SPECULATION IN THEIR CAMPAIGN REPORTING ABOUT THE VOTING PUBLIC'S STATE OF MIND. TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED. THE FIRST WERE TEN SEPARATE TELEPHONE SURVEYS, EACH WITH AN AVERAGE OF 1500 RANDOMLY SELECTED ADULTS. FIVE SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED MONTHLY FROM FEBRUARY THROUGH JUNE, FOUR MORE BETWEEN EARLY SEPTEMBER AND THE GENERAL ELECTION--ONE IN SEPTEMBER AND ONE FOLLOWING EACH PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE. A FINAL SURVEY WAS CONDUCTED TWO DAYS AFTER THE GENERAL ELECTION. THE SECOND SET OF SURVEYS WERE DONE ON THE DAY OF THE ELECTION OR PRIMARY. INTERVIEWS WERE CONDUCTED AT THE POLLING PLACE AMONG A RANDOM SAMPLE OF PEOPLE THAT HAD JUST VOTED IN EITHER THE DEMOCRATIC OR REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTIAL PRIMARY ELECTION. THESE SURVEYS WERE CONDUCTED IN THE FOLLOWING PRIMARY STATES: CALIFORNIA, FLORIDA, ILLINOIS, INDIANA, MASSACHUSETTS, MICHIGAN, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NEW YORK, OHIO, OREGON, PENNSYLVANIA AND WISCONSIN. ADDITIONALLY, FOR THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, THERE WAS A NATIONWIDE ELECTION DAY SURVEY CONDUCTED AT THE POLLING PLACE WITH VOTERS THROUGHOUT THE NATION. RESPONDENTS WERE ASKED TO IDENTIFY THEIR POLITICAL PARTY PREFERENCE, THE CANDIDATE FOR WHOM THEY WOULD VOTE OR HAD VOTED IN THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARD NATIONAL ISSUES, THE ISSUES AND CANDIDATE CHARACTERISTICS THAT WERE IMPORTANT TO THEM IN THEIR CHOICE OF A CANDIDATE, AND SEVERAL DEMOGRAPHICS. II SERIES SAMPLING INFORMATION AND DATES OF INTERVIEWING NATIONAL SURVEYS SURVEY AND POPULATION IN SAMPLE REINTERVIEWS DATES OF SAMPLE SIZE INCLUDED INTERVIEWING IN TOTAL FEBRUARY ALL ADULTS 1458 (2/2-2/8) MARCH ALL ADULTS 1524 303 1ST (3/18-3/24) INTERVIEWED IN FEBRUARY APRIL ALL ADULTS 1464 354 1ST (4/10-4/15) INTERVIEWED IN MARCH MAY ALL ADULTS 1501 339 1ST (5/19-5/23) INTERVIEWED IN APRIL JUNE ALL ADULTS 1454 306 1ST (6/15-6/20) INTERVIEWED IN MAY 286 1ST INTERVIEWED IN FEBRUARY SEPTEMBER REGISTERED 1703 (8/29-9/5) ONLY DEBATE ONE REGISTERED 1167 ALL 1167 1ST (9/24-9/25) ONLY INTERVIEWED IN SEPTEMBER DEBATE TWO REGISTERED 1761 (10/8-10/12) ONLY DEBATE THREE REGISTERED 2025 (10/24-10/27) ONLY ELECTION DAY VOTERS ONLY 15,300 (NOV.2) POST-ELECTION ALL ADULTS 2042 1699 REGISTERED (11/4-11/8) 343 UNREGISTERED ALL 1ST INTERVIEWED AFTER DEBATE 3 III STATE PRIMARY DAY SURVEYS *IN THESE STATES REPUBLICANS AND DEMOCRATS WERE SURVEYED WITH DIFFERENT QUESTIONNAIRES AND ARE CONTAINED IN SEPARATE DATA FILES. STATE AND TOTAL DEMOCRATS REPUBLICANS DATE OF INTERVIEW *CALIFORNIA 2411 1492 919 (JUNE 8) FLORIDA 1680 1166 514 (MARCH 9) ILLINOIS 1060 716 344 (MARCH 16) *INDIANA 1471 816 655 (MAY 4) MASSACHUSETTS 1093 783 211 (MARCH 2) *MICHIGAN 1840 838 1002 (MAY 18) NEW HAMPSHIRE 1235 561 674 (FEBRUARY 24) NEW YORK 1074 1074 --- (APRIL 6) *OHIO 1650 983 667 (JUNE 8) OREGON 2089 1262 827 (MAY 25) PENNSYLVANIA 1507 1507 --- (APRIL 27) WISCONSIN 1835 1014 821 (APRIL 6) IV STUDY DESCRIPTION - PART 7 DEBATE ONE SURVEY THE DEBATE ONE SURVEY WAS A NATIONWIDE TELEPHONE SURVEY CONDUCTED IN THE DAYS FOLLOWING THE FIRST PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE BETWEEN PRESIDENT FORD AND JIMMY CARTER. ALL 1167 RESPONDENTS WERE REGISTERED VOTERS WHO HAD ORIGINALLY BEEN INTERVIEWED IN THE SEPTEMBER SURVEY. THE DEBATE ONE SURVEY FILE CONTAINS DATA FOR BOTH SURVEYS: VARIABLES 16-75 ARE THE SEPTEMBER SURVEY AND VARIABLES 76-106 ARE THE DEBATE ONE SURVEY. IN SEPTEMBER RESPONDENTS WERE ASKED ABOUT THEIR PREFERRED PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE, THEIR RATINGS OF THE CANDIDATES' QUALIFICATIONS AND POSITIONS, THEIR OPINIONS ON A VARIETY OF POLITICAL ISSUES AND BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON EDUCATION, AGE, ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS BACKGROUND, OCCUPATION AND UNION AFFILIATION. IN THE DEBATE ONE SURVEY RESPONDENTS WERE AGAIN ASKED ABOUT THEIR PREFERRED CANDIDATE, THEIR RATINGS OF THE CANDIDATES, AND THEIR OPINIONS ON NATIONAL ISSUES, AS WELL AS ABOUT THEIR REACTIONS TO THE FIRST PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THEIR VOTING INTENTIONS. RELATED PUBLICATIONS CHARLES H.BACKSTROM AND GERALD D. HIRSH, SURVEY RESEARCH. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1963. JOSEPH WAKSBERG, "SAMPLING METHODS FOR RANDOM-DIGIT DIALING," JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, VOL. 73 (MARCH, 1978) 40-46. V SAMPLING INFORMATION THE INDIVIDUALS COMPRISING THE SAMPLE IN THE CBS NEWS/NEW YORK TIMES NATIONWIDE TELEPHONE SURVEYS WERE SELECTED THROUGH A VARIATION OF RANDOM-DIGIT DIALING TECHNIQUES USING A PROCEDURE DESIGNED BY WARREN J. MITOFSKY IN 1970 FOR CBS NEWS SURVEYS. THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCEDURE WAS DONE BY JOSEPH WAKSBERG AND IS DESCRIBED IN THE RECENT PUBLICATION "SAMPLING METHODS FOR RAMDOM-DIGIT DIALING," JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION. (VOL.73) MARCH, 1978, PP. 40-46. PRIMARY SAMPLING UNITS (PSU'S) ARE BLOCKS OF 100 TELEPHONE NUMBERS, IDENTICAL THROUGH THE EIGHTH DIGIT (AREA CODE-EXCHANGE-XX__). THE PSU'S WERE STRATIFIED BY GEOGRAPHIC REGION, AREA CODE AND SIZE OF PLACE. FOUR SIZE OF PLACE STRATA WERE CRUDELY DETERMINED BY USING THE GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES OF THE PLACES WHERE THE CENTRAL OFFICES ARE LOCATED. THESE COORDINATES ARE ASSIGNED BY THE PHONE COMPANY TO EVERY EXCHANGE. ALL EXCHANGES IN THE SAME CITY WOULD HAVE THE SAME COORDINATES. LARGE AND SMALL CITY STRATA WERE DEFINED BYCOUNTING THE NUMBER OF EXCHANGES PER PAIR OF COORDINATES. SUBURBS ARE EXCHANGES WITHIN 15 MILES OF LARGE CITIES. THE LAST STRATUM INCLUDES THE REMAINING EXCHANGES. THE NUMBER OF WORKING RESIDENTIAL PHONE NUMBERS PER EXCHANGE VARIES CONSIDERABLY BY STRATUM. THE FIRST STAGE SELECTION WAS SYSTEMATIC WITH A UNIFORM RATE, FROM A COMPLETE LIST OF ALL EXISTING AREA CODES AND EXCHANGES IN THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES. THE LAST TWO DIGITS WERE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED WITHIN EACH PSU. THE NUMBER WAS CALLED FOR A SCREENING INTERVIEW. IF IT WAS A WORKING RESIDENTIAL NUMBER, THE PSU (I.E., THE BLOCK OF 100 TELEPHONE NUMBERS) WAS RETAINED IN THE SAMPLE. THREE RESIDENCES WERE TO BE CONTACTED WITHIN A PSU FOR EACH SURVEY. THE ACTUAL TELEPHONE NUMBERS FOR EACH SURVEY WERE SELECTED IN SMALL GROUPS (REPLICATES), TO PERMIT VARYING SAMPLE SIZES WHILE RETAINING APPROPRIATE GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. VI THE INITIAL SCREENING OF A PSU TAKES ADVANTAGE OF THE TELEPHONE COMPANY'S PRACTICE OF ASSIGNING WORKING TELEPHONE NUMBERS IN BLOCKS OF 100'S OR 1000'S BEFORE STARTING A NEW BLOCK. THE DESIGN IS SELF-WEIGHTING, AS THE LIKELIHOOD OF AN EIGHT DIGIT GROUP OR "BLOCK" BEING SELECTED AS A PSU IS EXACTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE NUMBER OF WORKING NUMBERS IN THE BLOCK. RESPONDENTS WERE SELECTED WITHIN HOUSEHOLD USING A METHOD DEVELOPED BY KISH, AND MODIFIED BY BACKSTROM AND HIRSH.(CHARLES H. BACKSTROM AND GERALD D. HIRSH, SURVEY RESEARCH. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1963, PP. 52-58.) THE PROBABILITY OF SELECTION DEPENDS ON THE SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD. THE PROCEDURE PROVIDES AN UNBIASED SELECTION OF HOUSEHOLDS OF FEWER THAN FIVE ADULTS. THE RESPONDENT SELECTION CONTROLS FOR SEX AND THE RELATIVE AGE COMPOSITION OF THE HOUSEHOLD. THE DEBATE ONE SURVEY FILE CONTAINS 1167 RESPONDENTS WHO WERE ABLE TO BE RECONTACTED FROM THE SEPTEMBER SURVEY SAMPLE. THE ORIGINAL SEPTEMBER SURVEY SAMPLE CONTAINED 1703 REGISTERED VOTERS WHO WERE SELECTED IN THE MANNER DESCRIBED ABOVE. (SEE WEIGHTING INFORMATION, P.VII) VII WEIGHTING AND FREQUENCIES INFORMATION THE STUDY CONTAINS A WEIGHT VARIABLE (V5) WHICH MUST BE USED IN ANY DATA ANALYSIS. THERE ARE THREE IMPLIED DECIMAL PLACES IN THE WEIGHT VARIABLE. THE FREQUENCIES WHICH APPEAR IN THE CODEBOOK NEXT TO THE CODE VALUES FOR EACH VARIABLE ARE WEIGHTED. DECIMAL PLACES HAVE BEEN ROUNDED TO THE NEAREST WHOLE NUMBER. THE WEIGHT ASSIGNED TO EACH RESPONDENT IN THE ORIGINAL SEPTEMBER SURVEY SAMPLE IS THE INVERSE OF THE PROBABILITY OF SELECTION, MODIFIED BY A SERIES OF RATIO ESTIMATES. THE FIRST STAGE IS ESSENTIALLY A NON-INTERVIEW ADJUSTMENT WITHIN GEOGRAPHIC REGION. FOR EACH REGION, AN ADJUSTMENT WAS MADE TO APPROXIMATE THE NUMBER OF ADULTS IN THE REGION. IN THE NEXT STAGE, RACE BY SEX WERE THE RATIO ESTIMATE CHARACTERISTICS, AND THE FINAL STAGE WAS AGE BY EDUCATION. (ON OCCASION, BECAUSE OF A SMALL NUMBER OF SAMPLE CASES IN SOME CELLS AT THE FINAL STAGE, SOME EDUCATIONAL GROUPS WERE COLLAPSED WITHIN AGE CATEGORIES.) THE WEIGHTS COMPUTED IN THE MANNER DESCRIBED ABOVE FOR THE SEPTEMBER SURVEY WERE BASED ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ADULT POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES, BUT ONLY REGISTERED VOTERS WERE RETAINED IN THE DATA FILE. (RESPONDENT'S REGISTRATION STATUS WAS ASCERTAINED AS PART OF THE PRE-INTERVIEW RESPONDENT SELECTION PROCEDURE. THOSE RESPONDENTS WHO WERE NOT REGISTERED WERE ASKED ONLY THE BACKGROUND INFORMATION QUESTIONS FOR WEIGHTING PURPOSES.) RESPONENTS IN THE DEBATE ONE SURVEY SAMPLE WERE GIVEN THE WEIGHTS THAT HAD BEEN ASSIGNED TO THEM IN THE ORIGINAL SEPTEMBER SURVEY SAMPLE. FOR CONVENIENCE, THESE WEIGHTS WERE REDUCED BY A CONSTANT SO THAT THE RESULTING SUM OF THE WEIGHTS EQUALS THE SAMPLE SIZE. VIII CODEBOOK INFORMATION THE EXAMPLE BELOW ILLUSTRATES THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE CODEBOOK FOR A TYPICAL VARIABLE. THE NUMBERS IN CIRCLES DO NOT APPEAR IN THE CODEBOOK, BUT REFER TO THE EXPLANATIONS WHICH FOLLOW THIS EXAMPLE. ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 VAR 19 2 3 WHEN R DECID CANDIDATE 3 MD=0 OR GE 8 REF 19 4 LOC 36 WIDTH 1 5 ------------- 6 ------------ 7 Q.3. VOTERS CHOOSE THEIR CANDIDATES AT DIFFERENT TIMES DURING THE CAMPAIGN. WHEN DID YOU DECIDE ON WHO YOU WOULD VOTE FOR? WAS IT AFTER THE THIRD DEBATE, AFTER THE SECOND DEBATE, AFTER THE FIRST DEBATE, AFTER THE CONVENTIONS, AFTER THE PRIMARIES, OR DID YOU KNOW ALL ALONG WHO YOU WERE GOING TO VOTE FOR? 8 ---------------------------- 9 ---------------------------- 10 11 12 149 1. AFTER THE THIRD DEBATE 128 2. AFTER THE SECOND DEBATE 101 3. AFTER THE FIRST DEBATE 322 4. AFTER THE CONVENTIONS 147 5. AFTER THE PRIMARIES 553 6. KNEW ALL ALONG 518 0. INAP., CODED 3, 4, 8 OR 9 IN Q.1; SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED INAP BUT WAS NOT 54 8. DK 23 9. NO ANSWER, REFUSED; ERRONEOUSLY CODED INAP ........................................................... 1. INDICATES THE VARIABLE AND REFERENCE NUMBERS. A VARI- ABLE AND A REFERENCE NUMBER ARE ASSIGNED TO EACH ITEM IN THE STUDY. IN THIS CODEBOOK, WHICH DOCUMENTS THE ARCHIVED DATASET, THESE NUMBERS ARE IDENTICAL. SHOULD THE DATA BE SUBSET OR REARRANGED BY AN OSIRIS PROGRAM (E.G., MMP TO INTERSPERSE DATA FROM ANOTHER SOURCE, OR TCOT TO PRODUCE AN ANALYSIS DECK), THE VARIABLE NUMBERS WOULD CHANGE TO REFLECT THE ORDER OF THE NEW DATASET, WHILE THE REFERENCE NUMBERS WOULD REMAIN UNCHANGED TO REFLECT THE VARIABLE NUMBER IN THE CODEBOOK DESCRIBING THE ARCHIVED DATASET. IX 2. INDICATES THE ABBREVIATED VARIABLE NAME (MAXIMUM OF 24 CHARACTERS) USED IN THE OSIRIS SYSTEM TO IDENTIFY THE VARIABLE FOR THE USER. AN EXPANDED VERSION OF THE VARIABLE NAME CAN BE FOUND IN THE VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST. THE QUESTION NUMBER ASSOCIATED WITH THE VARIABLE APPEARS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE VARIABLE NAME. 3. INDICATES THE CODE VALUES OF MISSING DATA. IN THIS EXAMPLE, CODE VALUES EQUAL TO ZERO AND THOSE GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO EIGHT ARE MISSING DATA (MD=0 OR GE 8). ALTERNATIVE STATEMENTS FOR OTHER VARIABLES ARE "MD=0", "MD=9", OR "NO MISSING DATA CODES". SOME ANALYSIS SOFTWARE PACKAGES (INCLUDING THE OSIRIS SOFTWARE PACKAGE) REQUIRE THAT CERTAIN TYPES OF DATA WHICH THE USER DESIRES TO EXCLUDE FROM ANALYSIS CAN BE DESIGNATED AS "MISSING DATA", E.G., INAPPROPRIATE, UNASCERTAINED, UNASCERTAINABLE OR AMBIGOUS DATA CATEGORIES. ALTHOUGH THESE CODES ARE DEFINED AS MISSING DATA CATEGORIES, THIS DOES NOT MEAN THAT THE USER SHOULD NOT OR CANNOT USE THEM IN A SUBSTANTIVE ROLE IF SO DESIRED. 4. INDICATES THE STARTING LOCATION AND WIDTH OF THIS VARI- ABLE WHEN THE DATA ARE STORED ON A MAGNETIC TAPE IN THE OSIRIS FORMAT. IF THE VARIABLE IS OF A MULTIPLE- RESPONSE TYPE, THE WIDTH REFERENCED IS THAT OF A SINGLE RESPONSE. 5. INDICATES THE LOCATION BY DECK AND COLUMN(S) OF THIS VARIABLE WHEN THE DATA ARE ON CARDS OR IN A CARD-IMAGE FORMAT (EITHER 80- OR 84-COLUMN FORMAT). 6. A VARIABLE CONTAINING DATA WITH IMPLIED DECIMALS IS DENOTED BY THE MESSAGE "XX DEC PLACE(S)", WHERE XX IS THE NUMBER OF DECIMAL PLACES IMPLIED (NOT PUNCHED) IN THE VARIABLE. 7. THIS IS THE FULL TEXT (QUESTION) SUPPLIED BY THE INVESTIGATOR TO DESCRIBE THE VARIABLE. THE QUESTION TEXT REFLECTS THE ORIGINAL WORDING OF THE QUESTION- NAIRE ITEM. X 8. INDICATES AN ADDITIONAL COMMENT OR EXPLANATION APPENDED TO THE VARIABLE DESCRIPTION. 9. A VARIABLE WHICH HAS A FOOTNOTE ASSOCIATED WITH IT IS DENOTED BY THE MESSAGE "SEE NOTE(S) X", WHERE X IS THE NUMBER OF THE FOOTNOTE REFERENCED. 10. INDICATES THE FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE OF EACH CODE VALUE FOR THIS VARIABLE. 11. INDICATES THE CODE VALUES OCCURRING IN THE DATA FOR THIS VARIABLE, WHERE RANGES OF VALUES ARE INDICATED BY ..., THE "..." DO NOT APPEAR IN THE DATA. 12. INDICATES THE TEXTUAL DEFINITIONS OF THE CODES. ABBREVIATIONS COMMONLY USED IN THE CODE DEFINITIONS ARE "DK" (DON'T KNOW), "NA" (NOT ASCERTAINED), AND "INAP" (INAPPROPRIATE). THE PHRASES "SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED INAP BUT WAS NOT" AND "ERRONEOUSLY CODED INAP," WHICH APPEAR FREQUENTLY IN THE "INAP" AND "NO ANSWER" CODE DEFINITIONS, REFLECT RECODING THAT WAS DONE TO THE ORIGINAL DATA TO ACHIEVE CONSISTENCY. RESPONDENTS WHO SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED "INAP" BUT WERE NOT HAVE BEEN RECODED TO "INAP", AND THOSE WHO WERE CODED "INAP" BUT SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HAVE BEEN RECODED TO THE "NO ANSWER" CATEGORY. XI PROCESSING INFORMATION THIS STUDY WAS PROCESSED ACCORDING TO THE STANDARD ICPSR PROCEDURES. THE DATA WERE CHECKED FOR INCONSISTENT CODES, ILLEGAL CODES AND BLANKS WHICH, WHENEVER FOUND, WERE CORRECTED BY RECODING TO THE APPROPRIATE MISSING DATA CATEGORIES. THE PHRASES "SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED INAP BUT WAS NOT" AND "ERRONEOULSY CODED INAP," WHICH APPEAR FREQUENTLY IN THE "INAP" AND "NO ANSWER" CODE DEFINITIONS, REFLECT RECODING THAT WAS DONE TO THE ORIGINAL DATA TO ACHIEVE CONSISTENCY. RESPONDENTS WHO SHOULD HAVE BEEN CODED "INAP" BUT WERE NOT HAVE BEEN RECODED TO "INAP", AND THOSE WHO WERE CODED "INAP" BUT SHOULD NOT HAVE BEEN HAVE BEEN RECODED TO THE "NO ANSWER" CATEGORY. STATEMENTS BRACKETED IN "(" AND ")" SIGNS IN THE BODY OF THE CODEBOOK AND THE FOOTNOTES WERE ADDED BY THE PROCESSORS FOR EXPLANATORY PURPOSES. FILE STRUCTURE THE DATA ARE AVAILABLE FROM ICPSR IN TWO FORMATS: A CARD-IMAGE FILE AND AN OSIRIS DATASET. THE CARD-IMAGE FILE CONTAINS 2 DECKS PER RESPONDENT ON 80-COLUMN PUNCHED CARDS. THE DATA ARE SORTED BY RESPONDENT NUMBER WITH ALL DECKS (CARDS) FOR EACH CASE TOGETHER IN ASCENDING ORDER. THERE ARE TWO COMPONENTS TO THE OSIRIS DATASET. THE OSIRIS DICTIONARY CONTAINS ALL TECHNICAL INFORMATION FOR EACH VARIABLE IN THE OSIRIS DATAFILE. THE DICTIONARY OR DICTIONARY-CODEBOOK FILE IS USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE OSIRIS SOFTWARE PACKAGE. THE OSIRIS DATA FILE IS A SINGLE LOGICAL RECORD OF 128 BYTES FOR EACH RESPONDENT. THERE ARE 106 VARIABLES IN THE DATASET. THE OSIRIS DATA FILE CAN BE ACCESSED DIRECTLY BY SOFTWARE PACKAGES WHICH DO NOT USE THE OSIRIS DICTIONARY BY SPECIFYING THE TAPE LOCATIONS OF THE DESIRED VARIABLES. TAPE LOCATIONS ARE PROVIDED IN THIS CODEBOOK. XII VARIABLE DESCRIPTION LIST VAR. NO. STUDY INFORMATION 1 ICPSR STUDY NUMBER-7660 2 ICPSR EDITION NUMBER-1 3 ICPSR PART NUMBER-007 4 RESPONDENT'S I.D. 5 WEIGHT VARIABLE BACKGROUND AND CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION 6 CBS REGION CODE 7 CENSUS REGION CODE 8 INTERVIEW STATUS 9 RESPONDENT SELECTION KEY NUMBER 10 SURVEY NUMBER 11 NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HOUSEHOLD 12 SEX OF RESPONDENT 13 STATE CODE 14 TELEPHONE NUMBER 15 SIZE OF PLACE CODE ***SEPTEMBER INTERVIEW (PRE-DEBATE)*** R'S ASSESSMENT OF CANDIDATES/CURRENT ISSUES/ REASONS'S FOR VOTING 16 CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR IF THE ELECTION WERE HELD TODAY: FORD OR CARTER 17 WHEN R DECIDED ON WHO TO VOTE FOR 18 REASON FOR VOTE: R LIKED CANDIDATE OR DISLIKED OPPONENT 19 DOES R AGREE THAT THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD PROVIDE EVERYONE WITH A JOB 20 IS R CERTAIN OF THE KIND OF PRESIDENT FORD WILL BE 21 DOES R AGREE THAT PUBLIC OFFICIALS DON'T CARE MUCH ABOUT WHAT PEOPLE THINK 22 DOES R AGREE THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS NOT MAINTAINED OUR NUMBER ONE POSITION 23 DOES R AGREE THAT BUSING MAY BE NECESSARY TO INTEGRATE SCHOOLS 24 DOES R AGREE TO ELECT SOMEONE WHO HAS SPENT CAREER OUTSIDE OF WASHINGTON 25 WILL R VOTE FOR PRESIDENT IN NOVEMBER 26 DOES R THINK MORE OR LESS FAVORABLY OF GERALD FORD 27 DOES R THINK THE U.S. HAS GONE TOO FAR WITH DETENTE 28 RESPONDENT'S INTEREST IN THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 29 DOES R THINK THAT TAXES SHOULD BE LOWERED FOR INVESTORS AND LARGE CORPORATIONS 30 IS R IN FAVOR AN AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION TO ILLEGALIZE ABORTIONS 31 DOES R ALWAYS TRUST THE GOVERNMENT TO DO WHAT IS RIGHT 32 PARTY R'S CANDIDATE USUALLY BELONGS TO 33 DOES R THINK MORE FAVORABLY OF JIMMY CARTER 34 DOES R APPROVE OF THE WAY HENRY KISSINGER IS HANDLING HIS JOB 35 WHICH R THINKS IS MORE IMPORTANT -- UNEMPLOYMENT OR INFLATION R'S MARK FOR FORD 36 R'S MARK FOR GERALD FORD ON HONESTY AND INTEGRITY 37 R'S MARK FOR GERALD FORD FOR ABILITY AND COMPETENCE 38 R'S MARK FOR GERALD FORD FOR EXPERIENCE 39 DOES R THINK THAT GOVERNMENT SPENDING FOR MILITARY DEFENSE SHOULD BE REDUCED 40 WOULD R RATHER HAVE A SMALLER OR BIGGER GOVERNMENT R'S MARK FOR CARTER 41 R'S MARK FOR JIMMY CARTER ON HONESTY 42 R'S MARK FOR JIMMY CARTER ON ABILITY 43 R'S MARK FOR JIMMY CARTER ON EXPERIENCE R'S ASSESSMENT OF CANDIDATES/ISSUES 44 DOES R THINK THE ECONOMY IS GETTING BETTER 45 CANDIDATE R THINKS IS MORE LIKELY TO MAKE THE GOVERNMENT MORE EFFICIENT 46 CANDIDATE R THINKS WILL DO A BETTER JOB HANDLING OUR FOREIGN RELATIONS 47 CANDIDATE R THINKS WILL DO A BETTER JOB HANDLING OUR COUNTRY'S ECONOMY 48 DOES R THINK OF GERALD FORD AS MORE OF A LIBERAL, A MODERATE OR A CONSERVATIVE 49 DOES R THINK OF JIMMY CARTER AS MORE OF A LIBERAL, A MODERATE, OR A CONSERVATIVE 50 DOES R THINK ALL POLITICIANS ARE CROOKED 51 DOES R APPROVE OF THE WAY PRESIDENT FORD HAS BEEN HANDLING THE ECONOMY 52 DOES R APPROVE OF THE WAY GERALD FORD IS HANDLING FOREIGN POLICY 53 DOES R BELIEVE THAT THE GOVERNMENT IS RUN FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL PEOPLE 54 CANDIDATE R LIKED BEST IN THE PRIMARY ELECTION CAMPAIGN 55 DOES R FAVOR A NATIONAL PROGRAM OF HEALTH INSURANCE 56 DOES R THINK THAT WATERGATE SHOULD BE A FACTOR IN THIS YEAR'S ELECTION 57 DOES R AGREE THAT IT WAS RIGHT TO PARDON FORMER PRESIDENT RICHARD NIXON 58 DOES R AGREE WITH THE FEELINGS EXPRESSED BY GEORGE WALLACE ON ISSUES 59 DOES R AGREE THAT IT IS A MISTAKE TO DESERT A PRESIDENT WHO IS IN OFFICE 60 DOES R AGREE THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS PAID TOO MUCH ATTENTION TO BLACKS 61 DOES R AGREE THAT TOO MANY OF NIXON'S POLICIES ARE BEING CARRIED ON 62 CANDIDATE R WOULD VOTE FOR IF THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION WERE BEING HELD TODAY 63 IS R 'S FAMILY FINANCIALLY BETTER OFF TODAY 64 DOES R THINK THAT PEOPLE WHO RECEIVE WELFARE MONEY REALLY NEED IT 65 CANDIDATE R VOTED FOR IN THE 1972 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION ADDITIONAL BACKGROUND INFORMATION 66 DOES R THINK OF SELF AS A REPUBLICAN, A DEMOCRAT, OR AN INDEPENDENT 67 R'S DESCRIPTION OF VIEWS ON POLITICAL MATTERS: LIBERAL, MODERATE, CONSERVATIVE 68 DOES R OR THE HEAD OF R'S HOUSEHOLD BELONG TO A LABOR UNION 69 LAST SCHOOL GRADE R ATTENDED 70 R'S AGE 71 R'S NATIONAL FAMILY BACKGROUND 72 RELIGION R WAS BROUGHT UP IN 73 HOW OFTEN R ATTENDS RELIGIOUS SERVICES 74 OCCUPATION OF THE CHIEF WAGE EARNER IN R'S FAMILY 75 INCOME OF ALL MEMBERS OF R'S FAMILY LIVING TOGETHER AT HOME ***POST-DEBATE ONE INTERVIEW *** R'S ASSESSMENT OF CANDIDATES/CURRENT PROBLEMS 76 HOW STRONGLY DOES R FAVOR PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE GERALD FORD OR JIMMY CARTER 77 LIKELIHOOD THAT R WILL VOTE FOR PRESIDENT IN NOVEMBER 78 CANDIDATE R THINKS IS MORE LIKELY TO DO A BETTER JOB HANDLING THE ECONOMY 79 TAX POLICY R PREFERS: FORD'S OR CARTER'S 80 CANDIDATE R THINKS WILL MAKE THE GOVERNMENT MORE EFFICIENT 81 DOES R KNOW THE KIND OF PRESIDENT GERALD FORD WILL BE R'S MARK FOR CANDIDATES 82 R'S MARK FOR FORD ON ABILITY AND COMPETENCE 83 R'S MARK FOR CARTER ON ABILITY AND COMPETENCE 84 R'S MARK FOR JIMMY CARTER ON EXPERIENCE R'S COMPARISON/ASSESSMENT OF FORD/CARTER 85 CANDIDATE THAT IS MORE OF A LEADER: CARTER OR FORD 86 CANDIDATE R THINKS CARES MORE ABOUT THE PEOPLE: FORD OR CARTER 87 CANDIDATE R THINKS SEEMS MORE INTELLIGENT: CARTER OR FORD 88 CANDIDATE R THINKS IS MORE WISHY-WASHY: FORD OR CARTER 89 CANDIDATE R SEEMS MORE COMFORTABLE WITH: FORD OR CARTER 90 CANDIDATE R AGREES WITH MORE ON ISSUES: FORD OR CARTER 91 CANDIDATE R THINKS IS MORE SINCERE: FORD OR CARTER 92 CANDIDATE R THINKS HAS MORE DETAILED KNOWLEDGE OF GOVERNMENT: FORD OR CARTER 93 CANDIDATE R THINKS PROMISES THINGS HE CAN'T DELIVER: FORD OR CARTER 94 HAS R HEARD ABOUT CARTER'S COMMENTS ABOUT ADULTERY IN PLAYBOY MAGAZINE R'S ASSESSMENT OF PRESIDENTIAL DEBATES 95 HAS R FOLLOWED DEBATES BETWEEN GERALD FORD AND JIMMY CARTER 96 DID R WATCH THE DEBATES ON TELEVISION 97 DID R LISTEN TO THE DEBATES ON THE RADIO 98 DID R READ ABOUT THE DEBATES IN THE NEWSPAPER 99 HAS R TALKED WITH OTHER PEOPLE ABOUT THE DEBATES 100 CANDIDATE R THINKS WON THE DEBATE: FORD OR CARTER 101 HOW INTERESTING R FOUND THE DEBATE 102 DID THE DEBATE CAUSE R TO CHANGE CHOICE OF CANDIDATE 103 R'S IMPRESSION OF FORD AS A RESULT OF THE DEBATE 104 INTERVIEWER'S EVALUATION OF R'S RESPONSE TO Q.15A 105 R'S IMPRESSION OF CARTER AS A RESULT OF THE DEBATE 106 INTERVIEWER'S EVALUATION OF R'S RESPONSE IN Q.16A ----------------------------------

• ICPSR STUDY NUMBER-7660
• ICPSR EDITION NUMBER-1
• ICPSR PART NUMBER-007
• RESPONDENT'S I.D.
• WEIGHT VARIABLE
• CBS REGION CODE
• CENSUS REGION CODE
• INTERVIEW STATUS
• RESPOND SELECTN KEY NUMB
• SURVEY NUMBER
• NUMB OF ADULTS IN HOUSEH
• SEX OF RESPONDENT
• STATE CODE
• TELEPHONE NUMBER
• SIZE OF PLACE CODE
• R VOTE FOR CARTR OR FORD
• WHEN R DEC ON WHO TO VOT
• DOES R LK CND OR D/LK OP
• FED GVT SHD PRV EV W JOB
• R CERT PRES FORD WILL BE
• PUB OFF CARE WHT PEP THK
• GV MNTN PS AS NO.ONE NAT
• R AGR BUSG NECY TO INTEG
• ELC ONE SPNT TM OUT WASH
• WILL R VOTE FR PRS IN NV
• R THK FAV OF GERALD FORD
• US TOO FAR WITH DETENTE
• MATTER WH CAND IS ELECT
• TXS LOW FOR INVES & CORP
• IS R IN FVR OF ILL ABORT
• DOES R ALWAYS TRUST GOVT
• PARTY R'S CAND US BEL TO
• R THK MORE FAV OF CARTER
• APPR WY KISSINGER HN JOB
• MOR IMP: UNEMPL OR INFLA
• R'S GRD FR FORD ON HN/IN
• R'S GRD FORD FOR ABL/COM
• R'S MARK FOR FORD ON EXP
• GV SPND FOR DEF SHD RED
• RATH HVE SMALL OR BIG GV
• R'S MARK FOR CART ON HON
• R'S MARK FOR CART ON ABL
• R'S MARK FOR CART ON EXP
• R THK ECON IS GET BETT
• CAND MR LIK MK GVT EFF
• CAND BET JB HAND FOR REL
• CANDID BET JOB HAND ECON
• THK OF FORD LIB,MOD,CONS
• THK OF CART LIB,MOD,CONS
• THK ALL POL ARE CROOKED
• APPR WAY FORD HAND ECONY
• APP WAY FORD HND FOR POL
• GV RUN FOR BEN OF ALL PE
• CAND R LK BST IN PRIM EL
• FAV NATL PRG HLTH INS
• R THK WTRGT BE FCT IN EL
• AGR RGHT TO PARDON NIXON
• AGR WITH WALL EXP FEELNG
• MIST DES PRES WHO IN OFF
• GVT TOO MCH ATT TO BLCKS
• TOO MN NIX POL BEING CAR
• CAND R VOT IF ELEC TODAY
• IS R FAM FINAN BET TOD
• PEP REC WELF REAL NEED
• CAND R VOT FOR IN 1972
• THK OF SLF AS REP,DEM,IN
• R'S VIEWS ON POL MATTERS
• R OR HEAD MEM OF LAB UN
• LAST SCHOOL GRAD ATTEND
• R'S AGE
• R'S FAMILY BACKGROUND
• RELIGION R BROUGHT UP IN
• OFT R ATTEND REL SERV
• OCC OF CHF WGE ERN IN FM
• INCOME OF ALL MEM OF FAM
• CAND R VOTE IF ELEC TOD
• LIKELI R WILL VOT IN NOV
• CAND LIK BET JB HND ECON
• TAX POL R PREF:FORD,CART
• CAND MAK GOVT MORE EFF
• R KNW KND OF PRS FORD BE
• R'S MRK FR FRD ABL & COM
• R'S MRK FR CART ABL &COM
• R'S MRK FR CART ON EXP
• CAND THAT IS MORE A LEAD
• CAND TH CRS MOR ABT PEOP
• CAND TH SEEMS MOR INTELL
• CAND MORE WISHY-WASHY
• CAND R MOR COMFORT WITH
• CAND R AGR WITH MR ON IS
• CAND R THNKS IS MORE SIN
• CND R THS HS DET KNW GVT
• CAND R THK PROM CAN DEL
• HRD CART COMM ABT ADLTY
• HAS R FOLLOWED DEBATES
• DID R WAT DEBATES ON TV
• DID R LIST TO DEB ON RAD
• DID R READ AB DEB IN PAP
• HS R TLKD WTH OTH AB DEB
• CAND R THKS WON DEBATE
• HOW INTRSTNG R FND DEBAT
• DID DEB CAU R TO CHG CAN
• R IMP OF FORD AS RES DEB
• INVWR EVLTN OF RES Q.15A
• R IMP ABT CRT RES OF DEB
• INTVW EVAL OF RESP Q.16A

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Variable Text: ICPSR STUDY NUMBER-7660

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Variable Text: ICPSR EDITION NUMBER

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-1

Notes: THE NUMBER IDENTIFYING THE RELEASE EDITION OF THIS DATASET.

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Variable Text: ICPSR PART NUMBER

Range of Valid Data Values: 001-011

Notes: THE NUMBER IDENTIFYING THIS PART OF A 11-PART STUDY.

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Variable Text: RESPONDENT'S I.D.

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Variable Text: WEIGHT VARIABLE

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End: 19
Width: 1
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Start: 17
Width: 1

Variable Text: CBS REGION CODE

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-4

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End: 20
Width: 1
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Width: 1

Variable Text: CENSUS REGION CODE

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-4

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Start: 19
Width: 1

Variable Text: INTERVIEW STATUS

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-1

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End: 22
Width: 1
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OSIRIS Location:

Start: 20
Width: 1

Variable Text: RESPONDENT SELECTION KEY NUMBER

Notes: ACTUAL NUMBER IS CODED. VALID-N=1167 MIN=1 MAX=6 MEAN=3.5 ST.DEV=1.7

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End: 23
Width: 1
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OSIRIS Location:

Start: 21
Width: 1

Variable Text: SURVEY NUMBER

Range of Valid Data Values: 7-7

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End: 24
Width: 1
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OSIRIS Location:

Start: 22
Width: 1

Variable Text: NUMBER OF ADULTS IN HOUSEHOLD

Notes: ACTUAL NUMBER IS CODED. VALID-N=1167 MIN=1 MAX=6 MEAN=2.4 ST.DEV=1.0

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Width: 1

Variable Text: SEX OF RESPONDENT

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-2

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OSIRIS Location:

Start: 24
Width: 2

Variable Text: STATE CODE

Notes: SEE NOTE(S) 1 CODE: 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 FREQ: 13 12 9 86 7 7 3 10 55 29 6 69 28 31 CODE: 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 FREQ: 11 31 22 11 23 28 50 27 13 15 8 10 3 4 CODE: 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 FREQ: 55 8 89 24 4 65 9 6 79 4 18 7 27 54 CODE: 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 FREQ: 6 7 32 24 9 15 3

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OSIRIS Location:

Start: 26
Width: 6

Variable Text: TELEPHONE NUMBER

Notes: THE FIRST THREE COLUMNS OF THIS VARIABLE CONTAIN THE AREA CODE OF THE RESPONDENT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER. THIS VARIABLE ORIGINALLY CONTAINED BOTH THE AREA CODE AND EXCHANGE OF THE RESPONDENT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER. FOR REASONS OF CONFIDENTIALITY THE EXCHANGE HAS BEEN SUPPRESSED AND THE LAST THREE COLUMNS OF THE VARIABLE PADDED WITH MISSING DATA. THE ORIGINAL DATA IS MAINTAINED AT ICPSR; THE CONSORTIUM WILL DO TABULATIONS AND ANALYSIS WITH THIS DATA FOR ANY USER WHO REQUESTS IT.

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Width: 1
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OSIRIS Location:

Start: 32
Width: 1

Variable Text: SIZE OF PLACE CODE

Range of Valid Data Values: 1-4

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End: 35
Width: 1
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Start: 33
Width: 1

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